Collaborative Research Center 1333
Molecular Heterogeneous Catalysis
in Confined Geometries
Exploiting confinement effects for urea electrosynthesis from CO2 and nitrate with covalent organic frameworks
This project will develop single-site covalent organic framework (COF) catalysts for the co-reduction of CO2 and nitrate to urea. By embedding synergistic tandem catalytic sites within the COF backbone, we aim to exploit pore-confinement effects and achieve industrially relevant current densities using gas diffusion electrodes in flow-cell configurations. Performance will be evaluated operando via spectroelectrochemical methods to elucidate confinement mechanisms within the COF pores and quantify electrocatalytic activity.
Research focus in the first funding period (2018-2022):
Covalent organic frameworks as tailored substrates with molecularly defined pores for molecular heterogeneous catalysis.
Research focus in the second funding period (2022-2026):
Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) in electrocatalytic CO2 reductions. Understanding, modeling and controling confinement effects on the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) in the atomically precise pores of covalent organic frameworks (COFs).
Y. Weidemann, P. Hosseini, A. Rodríguez-Camargo, L. Liu, B. Moussa, D. Graf, C. Ochsenfeld, P. Petersen, B. V. Lotsch and K. Tschulik,
ChemRxiv 2026.
A. Rodríguez-Camargo, A. Vargas, M. Paetsch, J. Zander, A. M. Aleman, A. Beckmann, C. F. Crago, R. Das, S. Van Gele, K. Endo, D. Graf, Ch. Ochsenfeld, K. Tschulik, T. F Jaramillo, B. V Lotsch
ChemRxiv 2026.
W. Barakat, F. Heck, M. Paetsch, H. Shatla, M. Dyballa, S. Krause, B. V. Lotsch, D. P. Estes
ChemRxiv 2025.
M. Samanta, Y. Weidemann, L. Yao, P. Hosseini,V. Duppel, K. Küster, K. Tschulik, B. Lotsch
ChemRxiv 2025.
J. Wolf, Z. Acar, F. Shahrour, Y. Weidemann, S. Hernandez, P. Hosseini, K. Pellumbi, J. T. Kleinhaus, L. Wickert, S. Sanden, K. Tschulik, U.-P. Apfel and D. Siegmund,
ChemCatChem 2025, 17, e00746.
T. Manitz, F. Heck, S. Rezeki, K. Gjorgjevikj, S. Tokuda, S. Bette, S. Canossa, D. Leistenschneider and S. Krause
Small 2025, e06833.
A. Rodríguez-Camargo, E. Yildiz, D. Juela, F. R. Fischer, D. Graf, B. B. Rath, Ch. Ochsenfeld, M. Bauer, M. Sitti, L. Yao and B. V. Lotsch
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, 147, 37, 33472–33481.
L. Yao, A. Rodríguez-Camargo, R. Guntermann, F. Heck, S. Van Gele, H. Vignolo-González, V. Duppel, T. Bein, B. V. Lotsch
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed 2026, 65, e21776.
J. E. Knapp, B. Ortín-Rubio, F. Heck, K. Gjorgjevikj, A. Sleptsova, S. Krause, S. Bette and B. V. Lotsch
Chem. Sci., 2025,16, 13646-13654.
D. W. Kim, P. Wrede, A. Rodríguez-Camargo, Y. Chen, N. O. Dogan, Ch. Glück, B. V. Lotsch, D. Razansky and M. Sitti
Adv. Mater. 2025, 2418425.
L. Cusin, P. Cieciórski, S. Van Gele, F. Heck, S. Krause, P. W. Majewski, B. V. Lotsch, W. Danowski and P. Samorì
Nat. Synth 2025, 4, 632–641.
A. Rodríguez-Camargo, M. W. Terban, M. Paetsch, E. A. Rico, D. Graf, R. Hirpara, V. Duppel, I. Moudrakovski, M. Etter, N. Guijarro, Ch. Ochsenfeld, R. E. Dinnebier, L. Yao and B. V. Lotsch
Nat. Synth 2025.
F. Heck, L. Grunenberg, N. Schnabel, A. Heilmaier, T. Sottmann, L. Yao and B. V. Lotsch
Adv. Mater. 2025, 2415882.
P. Hosseini, A. Rodríguez-Camargo, Y. Jiang, S. Zhang, Ch. Scheu, L. Yao, B. V. Lotsch and K. Tschulik
Adv. Sci. 2025, 12, 2413555.
K. Endo, S. Canossa, F. Heck, D. M. Proserpio, M. S. Istek, F. Stemmler, J. van Slageren, S. Hartmann, A. Hartschuh and B. V. Lotsch
Nat. Synth 2025, 4, 603–613.
S. Van Gele, S. Bette and B. V. Lotsch
JACS Au 2025, 5, 1, 388–398.
– PERSPECTIVE – K. Hemmer, H. L. B. Boström, S. Krause, B. V. Lotsch and R. A. Fischer
Commun Mater 2024, 5, 264.
– MINIREVIEW – A. Rodríguez-Camargo, K. Endo and B. V. Lotsch
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2024, e202413096.
L. Grunenberg, Ch. Keßler, T. Wei Teh, R. Schuldt, F. Heck, J. Kästner, J. Groß, N. Hansen and B. V. Lotsch
ACS Nano 2024, 18, 25, 16091–16100.
M. Marshall, Z. Dilruba, A.-K. Beurer, K. Bieck, S. Emmerling, F. Markus, Ch. Vogler, F. Ziegler, M. Fuhrer, S. S. Y. Liu, S. R.Kousik, W. Frey, Y. Traa, J. R. Bruckner, B. Plietker, M. R. Buchmeiser, S. Ludwigs, S. Naumann, P. Atanasova, B. V. Lotsch, A. Zens and S. Laschat
Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2024, 27, e202400283.
– PERSPECTIVE – L. Yao, A. M. Pütz, H. Vignolo-González and B. V. Lotsch
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146, 14, 9479–9492.
K. Endo, A. Raza, L. Yao, S. Van Gele, A. Rodríguez-Camargo, H. A. Vignolo-González, L. Grunenberg, and B. V. Lotsch
Adv. Mater.2024, 2313197.
I. Tischler, A. Schlaich and Ch. Holm
ACS Omega2024, 9, 1, 598–606.
– REVIEW – B.B. Rath, S. Krause and B. V. Lotsch
Adv. Funct. Mater.2023, 2309060.
J. Yang, S. Kondrat, Ch. Lian, H. Liu, A. Schlaich and Ch. Holm
Phys. Rev. Lett. 2023, 131, 118201.
H. Jäger, A. Schlaich, J. Yang, Ch. Lian, S. Kondrat and Ch. Holm
Faraday Discuss., 2023, 246, 520-539.
L. Grunenberg, G. Savasci, S.T. Emmerling, F. Heck, S. Bette, A. Cima Bergesch, C. Ochsenfeld and B.V. Lotsch
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145, 24, 13241–13248.
S. T. Emmerling, J. Maschita, and B. V. Lotsch
J. Am. Chem. Soc.2023, 145, 14, 7800–7809.
Ch. Koschnick, M. W. Terban, S. Canossa, M. Etter, R. E. Dinnebier and B. V. Lotsch
Adv. Mater. 2023, 36, 2210613.
S. R. Kousik, F. Ziegler, D. Sipp, A. Rodríguez-Camargo, H. Solodenko, W. Gassner, G. Schmitz, B. V. Lotsch, M. R. Buchmeiser, K. Koynov and P. Atanasova
ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2022, 5, 10, 14733–14745.
– PERSPECTIVE – L. Grunenberg, B. V. Lotsch
Matter 2022, 5, 8, 2482-2484.
L. Yao, A. Rodríguez-Camargo, M. Xia, D. Mücke, R. Guntermann, Y. Liu, L. Grunenberg, A. Jiménez-Solano, S. T. Emmerling, V. Duppel, K. Sivula, T. Bein, H. Qi, U. Kaiser, M. Grätzel and B. V. Lotsch
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144, 23, 10291–10300.
C. Stähler, L. Grunenberg, M. W. Terban, W. R. Browne, D. Doellerer, M. Kathan, M. Etter, B. V. Lotsch, B. L. Feringa and S. Krause
Chem. Sci. 2022, 13, 8253-8264.
C. Kessler, R. Schuldt, S. Emmerling, B. Lotsch, J. Kästner, J. Groß and N. Hansen
Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2022, 336, 111796.
J. Maschita, T. Banerjee and B. V. Lotsch
Chem. Mater. 2022, 34, 5, 2249–2258.
S. T. Emmerling, F. Ziegler, F. R. Fischer, R. Schoch, M. Bauer, B. Plietker, M. R. Buchmeiser and B. V. Lotsch
Chem. Eur. J. 2022, 28, e202104108.
S. Trenker, L. Grunenberg, T. Banerjee, G. Savasci, L.M. Poller, K.I.M. Muggli, F. Haase, Ch. Ochsenfeld and B.V. Lotsch
Chem. Sci. 2021, 12, 15143–15150.
S. T. Emmerling, R. Schuldt, S. Bette, L. Yao, R. E. Dinnebier, J. Kästner, and B. V. Lotsch
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2021, 143, 15711–15722.
V. Stavila, S. Li, C. Dun, M.A.T. Marple, H.E. Mason, J.L. Snider, J.E. Reynolds III, F. El Gabaly, J.D. Sugar, C.D. Spataru, X. Zhou, B. Dizdar, E.H. Majzoub, R. Chatterjee, J. Yano, H. Schlomberg, B.V. Lotsch, J.J. Urban, B.C. Wood and M.D. Allendorf
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 25815–25824.
S. T. Emmerling, L. S. Germann, P. A. Julien, I. Moudrakovski, M. Etter, T. Friščić, R. E. Dinnebier and B. V. Lotsch
Chem. 2021, 7, 6, 1639-1652.
L. Grunenberg, G. Savasci, M. W. Terban, V. Duppel, I. Moudrakovski, M. Etter, R. E. Dinnebier, Ch. Ochsenfeld and B. V. Lotsch
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2021, 143, 3430-3438.
– REVIEW – F. Haase and B. V. Lotsch
Chem. Soc. Rev. 2020, 49, 8469-8500.
– REVIEW – T. Banerjee, F. Podjaski, J. Kröger, B. P. Biswal and Bettina V. Lotsch
Nat. Rev. Mater. 2021, 6, 168–190.
A. M. Pütz, M. W. Terban, S. Bette, F. Haase, R. E. Dinnebier and B. V. Lotsch
Chem. Sci. 2020, 11, 12647–12654
J. Maschita, T. Banerjee, G. Savasci, F. Haase, Ch. Ochsenfeld and B. V. Lotsch
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 15750-15758.
K. Gottschling, G. Savasci, H. A. Vignolo-González, S. Schmidt, P. Mauker, T. Banerjee, P. Rovó, Ch. Ochsenfeld and B. V. Lotsch
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 12146–12156.
![Sustained Solar H₂ Evolution from a Thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole-Bridged Covalent Organic Framework and Nickel-Thiolate Cluster in Water](https://www.crc1333.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Publikation_Lotsch_1.jpeg)
B. P. Biswal, H. A. Vignolo-González, T. Banerjee, L. Grunenberg, G. Savasci, K. Gottschling, J. Nuss, Ch. Ochsenfeld and B. V. Lotsch
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 11082–11092.
© University Stuttgart 2026
